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AP EXAM PREP

Review our AP English Language and Composition Exam prep resources and sample answers. For more information, please visit our external AP Central sites from the menu above.

Sample Essays

SAMPLE ESSAYS

Want a look at past essays? Below we have three pieces that were submitted by students from the 2016 AP English Language & Composition Exam, as well as the score and evaluation from the Exam Committee.

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Overview

 

Each student was given the Rhetorical Analysis Question: Evaluate the rhetorical strategies used in a piece of epideictic rhetoric, a eulogy to former United States president, Ronald Reagan, given by Margaret Thatcher, former prime minister of Great Britain, on June 11, 2004 to the American people. Students were asked to consider the rhetorical situation a speaker faces and to examine the choices the rhetor makes to move his or her audience to respond in a way that the rhetor desires. They were to analyze the rhetorical strategies that Thatcher uses to convey her message.

 

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Score: 8

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This essay effectively analyzes Thatcher's strategies, demonstrating an awareness of how the historical moment and a sense of audience shapes her rhetoric. From the outset, the student makes judicious use of contextual information not provided in the passage (e.g., discussion of the Cold War and the "Red Scare") to show how Thatcher's rhetorical choices are calculated to celebrate Reagan's achievements while solidifying the ties between Britain and the United States. For example, the student effectively integrates knowledge of historical context with analysis of Thatcher's strategies by linking public doubts about Reagan ("Even before his presidency, there were people that thought he wouldn't be capable of leading a nation in a time of crisis") to a series of juxtapositions that illustrate the triumph of Reagan's optimism ("Thatcher juxtaposes thinking and prediction with what actually happened"). The student's analysis is further distinguished by the insight that Thatcher's eulogy not only is a personal remembrance but also serves the purpose of "creating a stronger alliance between the two nations": for instance, the student notes that "by constantly referencing the Soviet Union as the 'evil empire,'" Thatcher implies "similarities in thinking between the Americans and British." In spite of occasional lapses, the essay consistently shows control of the elements of effective writing and thereby earned a score of 8.

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Score: 6

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This essay adequately analyzes the rhetorical choices Thatcher makes in her eulogy. The essay begins with an analysis of Thatcher's repetition of "great" that, while remaining on a fairly superficial level, nevertheless demonstrates the student's adequate grasp of the task at hand. As the essay develops, the appropriateness of the student's evidence and explanation becomes clear: the third paragraph, for instance, presents a sufficiently nuanced discussion of ethos in the student's discussion of Thatcher's use of "Ronnie" ("This simple nickname allows the reader to see the close relationship that they had," "shows the depth of their conversations," and "allows the reader to trust her"). The student's discussion of Thatcher's use of figurative language is also sufficient, highlighting how the image of Reagan inviting his enemies "'out of their fortress'...specifies how far away his enemies were from his opinions...yet he was still capable of engaging with them and resolving conflict." The analysis falters a bit towards the end when the student attempts to make a connection between "short sentences" and Thatcher's "appreciation towards Ronald Reagan," but neither this nor the occasional lapses in the student's prose prevented the essay from earning a score of 6.

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Score: 2

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This essay demonstrates little success in analyzing the rhetorical strategies Thatcher uses to convey her message. The essay lacks explanation, and where there is an attempt to discuss Thatcher's rhetorical choices, it is often inaccurate. For instance, the student writes, "she uses logos all throughout the essay which makes her a credible source" and tries, inappropriately, to establish a connection between "repetition [sic] of words at the beginning of phrases" in lines 30-35 and Thatcher's supposed aim "to show the emotion of all the people, as well as understand each ones [sic] opinion." Lacking development and making assertions that are at best supported with simplistic explanations, the essay fails to provide a coherent analysis of Thatcher's eulogy and thus earned a score of 2.

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Practice

PRACTICE

Follow the link below to view the 2016 AP English Language & Composition Free-Response Questions. These questions will help you practice your rhetoric analysis in the parameters of the AP Exam. Then, scroll below to the Scoring Guide section to see graded sample essays and how your response rates on the AP Exam grading scale.

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2016 AP English Language & Composition Free-Response Questions

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Scoring Guide

SCORING GUIDE

Understanding the method behind the madness can put you ahead of the pack before taking any test, let alone an AP Exam. Take some time to review the Scoring Guide below. There may be a particular area you need to work on, and looking over the rubric give you a chance to improve.

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2016 AP English Language & Composition Scoring Guideline

 

After checking out the Scoring Guide, don't forget to read a few Sample Essays. If one of the essays resembles your writing style, see the comments left by the committee members. The comments thoroughly explain the reasoning behind why the student got the score they received, which can help you improve before taking this year's AP English Language & Composition Exam. 

 

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